Complex-Arithmetic Problem Solving: Differences among Belgian, Canadian, and Chinese participants
نویسندگان
چکیده
The complex-arithmetic performance of three different populations was tested: Flemish-speaking Belgians; Englishspeaking Canadians; and Chinese-speaking Chinese participants currently living in Canada. All participants solved complex addition problems (e.g., 58 + 73) under no-load and load conditions, in which one component of working memory (either the central executive or the phonological loop) was loaded. The results showed (a) cultural differences in strategy selection, strategy efficiency, and strategy adaptivity, and (b) cultural differences in the involvement of phonological and executive working-memory resources. Limitations and implications of the present results are discussed.
منابع مشابه
Cultural differences in complex addition: efficient Chinese versus adaptive Belgians and Canadians.
In the present study, the authors tested the effects of working-memory load on math problem solving in 3 different cultures: Flemish-speaking Belgians, English-speaking Canadians, and Chinese-speaking Chinese currently living in Canada. Participants solved complex addition problems (e.g., 58 + 76) in no-load and working-memory load conditions, in which either the central executive or the phonol...
متن کاملDifferences in arithmetic performance between Chinese and German adults are accompanied by differences in processing of non-symbolic numerical magnitude
Human beings are assumed to possess an approximate number system (ANS) dedicated to extracting and representing approximate numerical magnitude information. The ANS is assumed to be fundamental to arithmetic learning and has been shown to be associated with arithmetic performance. It is, however, still a matter of debate whether better arithmetic skills are reflected in the ANS. To address this...
متن کاملHow are things adding up? Neural differences between arithmetic operations are due to general problem solving strategies
A number of previous studies have interpreted differences in brain activation between arithmetic operation types (e.g. addition and multiplication) as evidence in favor of distinct cortical representations, processes or neural systems. It is still not clear how differences in general task complexity contribute to these neural differences. Here, we used a mental arithmetic paradigm to disentangl...
متن کاملCognitive arithmetic across cultures.
Canadian university students either of Chinese origin (CC) or non-Asian origin (NAC) and Chinese university students educated in Asia (AC) solved simple-arithmetic problems in the 4 basic operations (e.g., 3 + 4, 7 - 3, 3 x 4, 12 divided by 3) and reported their solution strategies. They also completed a standardized test of more complex multistep arithmetic. For complex arithmetic, ACs outperf...
متن کاملاثربخشی آموزش مهارت حل مسأله بر افسردگی دانشجویان پرستاری و مامایی
Background & Aim: Depression is common among nursing and midwifery students. Problem-solving is a short-term intervention that can be used to treat psychological problems. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of problem-solving skills training on depression scores among nursing and midwifery students . Methods & Materials: This was a clinical trial. Nursing and Midwifery st ...
متن کامل